What’s Hyperpigmentation?
Variation in skin tones is a common sight, and so is hyperpigmentation. Disorders of hyperpigmentation are widespread in the Indian population. Most of these disorders are caused or made worse by exposure to the sun.
Hyperpigmentation, in simple words, is a condition when patches of skin become darker than the rest. It can occur in small spots and patches or affect your entire body.
Common types of Hyperpigmentation
Melasma
Melasma is a pigmentary condition that manifests itself on the face as hyperpigmented brown to greyish-brown patches. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, increases estrogen levels (as during pregnancy), use of oral contraceptives, genetic vulnerability, and phototoxic drugs can cause melasma.
Since it affects your face significantly, melasma hurts self-esteem and creates a sense of frustration, affecting not only the emotional well-being of individuals but also their social life.
Postinflammatory
Hyperpigmentation
PIH results from acne, psoriasis, and allergies. These inflammations increase melanin production, resulting in pink, red, brown, or black patches. Unfortunately, they can last for months, adversely impacting the quality of life.
Solar Lentigines
Solar Lentigines or age spots are light brown to dark brown dots, even-colored patches, or reticulated patches that mostly appear in sun-exposed areas like the hands, forearms, upper torso, and face.
Periorbital Hyperpigmentation
Also known as dark circles, periorbital hyperpigmentation affects the eyelids and increases with age. Although it may be genetic, prolonged exposure to the sun and vascular factors (related to blood vessels) can increase them.